Unit7 What's the highest mountain in the world
走进…
感觉自由和放松。
吸收、理解、欺骗
摔倒绊倒了
左右，留下了历史
据我所知，据我所知
面对脸，面对
出生时出生
即使=即使即使
在世界上是在世界上
盐湖盐湖
的人口.
如同.如同.等同于.
最受欢迎的地方之一著名的旅游景点。
离开.
厚厚的云层是秘密的
到达辫子的顶端
的精神.
实现某人的梦想。
自然的力量，自然的力量
爬山要爬。
太平洋太平洋
小心照顾
和……一起玩；玩弄.
死于…
削减
住在……
研究中心
濒危动物
野生动物
将来将来
醒着就是醒着。
把某物.在.把某物.在.
水污染水污染
保护某人。保护某人。来自…
贝丹吉尔有危险。
一点点
很少，几乎没有
很少，很少。
1.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何一座山都高。珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何一座山都高。
2.中国是世界上人口最多的国家。它比美国的人口多得多。
中国是世界上人口最多的国家。比美国的人口多得多。
3.世界上最高的山是哪座？世界上最高的山是哪座？
4.-世界上最深的盐湖是哪个？世界上最深的咸水湖是哪个？
-里海是所有盐湖中最深的。里海是所有咸水湖中最深的。
5.你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？
你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？
6.这也表明人类有时比自然力量更强大。
它还表明，人类有时比自然的力量更强大。
7.这头大象比这只熊猫重很多倍。
这只大象比这只熊猫重很多倍。
8.我们都希望将来会有比现在更多的熊猫。
我们都希望将来会有比现在更多的熊猫。
比较级3360比较级用于比较两者，表示其中一个比另一个“更……”或“更……”，后接连词than连接被比较的另一个人或事物。
最高级：形容词和副词的最高级用于比较三个或三个以上的人或事物，表示在一群人或事物中，最高级最多.
>单音节和部分双音节单词的比较级与最高级→
1. 直接在形容词、副词后直接加-er, -est e.g. great—greater--greatest 2.以不发音e结尾,直接加-r, -st e.g. nice-nicer-nicest 3. 辅音字母+y结尾,y发为i加-er, -est e.g. easy-easier-easiest
4.以重读闭音节结尾,末尾叧有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母加-er, -est
big-bigger-biggest
双音节和多音节词以及以ly结尾的副词(early除外),加more, most
e.g. important—more important—the most important
slowly—more slowly—the most slowly
合二为一共三对,坏、病、最多和最好;
bad/ill – worse –worst; many/much—more—most; good/ well-better-best
一分为二有两个,一是进来二是老;
far—farther(距离较进)—farthest;
far—further(抽象意义上的“深进”)—furthest;
old—older(既可作表语,也可作定语。表示老幼中的“老”)—oldest;
old—elder(叧作定语,表示“长幼”中的“长”)—eldest.
little一词含双意,叧记少来不记小。
little—less—least
主+be+adj.比较级 than +比较对象. than后面接人称代词主格或宾格(主语和比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间对比)
e.g. She is a little more outgoing than me/I.
2. 比较级可以用much, a little, a lot, even, rather, still, any, a bit, far等修饰,起强调作用。
e.g. It’s cold today, but it is going to be even colder tomorrow.
3. 当两者比较叧出现一方,含有of the two, of the twins时,比较级前加the, 意为“两个中比较….的一个”
e.g. He is the taller of the two boys.
4. 比较级+and+比较级 （越来越……）
e.g. It gets warmer and warmer.
5. the+ 比较级, the +比较级 （越….越…）
e.g. The more we get together, the happier we’ll be.
6. 形容词比较级 than any other +单数可数名词 …比其他仸何…都…
=adj. 比较级 than the other +可数名词复数
= adj. 比较级 than any of the +可数名词复数
= the +adj.最高级
e.g. Li lei is cleverer than any other student in the class.
= Li Lei is cleverer than the other students in the class.
= Li Lei is cleverer than any of the students in the class.
= Li Lei is cleverer than anyone else in the class.
= Nobody/ No one is cleverer than Li Lei in the class.
= Li Lei is the cleverest student in the class. 7. more /less+ adj./ adv.原级
e.g. Chinese is more important than English.
= English is less important than Chinese.
= English is not so important as Chinese.
8. 同级比较 as+adj./ adv.原级,as…
e.g. He is as tall as his father.
He isn’t as tall as his father.
9.比较级的替代。使用比较级时,前后两个比较项要保持一致,若前一个比较项是不可数名词,则后一个比较项可为代词that, 若前一个比较项是可数名词复数,则后一个比较项可为代词those.
e.g. The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter.南京的天气比北京的天气暖和。
The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two. 一班的学生比二班的学生学习更努力。
副词最高级前可以加the, 也可以省略the , 后面可带of/in短语表示比较范围
1. 主 be the +adj.最高级+ of/in比较范围.
e.g. She is the youngest of all.
2. A +谓语动词+，the+，副词最高级+of/ in +比较范围.
e.g. Linda draws most carefully in her class.
(5)最高级常用句型：
1. …one of the ,adj. 最高级 +名词复数 （最……之一）→
e.g. Mo Yan is one of the greatest writers in China.
2. …最高级 of/in/among… ….之中最…….→
e.g. She is the most beautiful in her class.
3. This is/ was the +adj.最高级+名词 that定语从句→
e.g. This is the worst film that I have seen these years.
4. …the +序数词+adj.最高级+单数名词+in 范围 （在…..范围内….是第几的…）→
e.g. The city is the second largest one in China.
5. 特殊疑问词+be +the +最高级, A, B or C?
e.g. Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
1. Peter is 15 years old. He is _____ than his father.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest
2. Among the four seats off the coast of China, East China Sea is the second_____.
A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest
3. Bob is one of ___ boys in Class 1, Grade 9.
A. clever B. cleverer C. the most clever D. the cleverest
4. Molly is _____ girl of the three.
A. most outgoing B. more outgoing
C. the most outgoing D. outgoing
5. _____ you speak, _____ your English will be.
A. The less, the more B. The more, the better
C. The less, the better D. The more, the less
6. –Do you know Shanghai is one of _____ in the world?
--Yes, it’s bigger than _____city in China?
A. the biggest city , an
B. the biggest cities, any
C. the biggest, any other
7. –Who will you ask to help with the work, Lucy or Lily?
--Lily, she is much_____
A. careful B. more careful C. most careful
8. I have been to quite a few restaurants, but I can say this one is _____.
A. good B. better C. the better D. the best
9. Mr. Wang is very friendly to us. He is _____ of all the persons I know.
A. patient B. less patient
C. more patient D. the most patient
10.—“Food safety” problem is becoming _____ these days.
--I think so. The government must do something to deal with it.
A. smaller and smaller B. worse and worse
C. better and better D. nicer and nicer
(1)基数词+单位词+形容词(long, wide, high, deep等)
e.g. The hole is about 5 meters deep.
(2) 基数词+单位词+in +名词(length, width, height, depth等)
e.g. This hole is 5 meters in depth.
单位词主要有:meter, foot, inch, kilogram等
2. 形容词比较级+than any other+单数名词
= 形容词比较级+than the other+ 复数名词
= 最高级+单数名词
e.g. This book is more difficult than any other book here.
= This book is more difficult than the other books here.
= This book is the most difficult here.
2. 用来表示比较范围的in短语和of短语→
(1) in 短语:句子主语和比较范围不同类
e.g. Tom is the tallest boy in his class.(Tom和class不同类)
(2) of短语:句中主语和比较范围同类
e.g. Tom is the tallest boy of the three (boys). (Tom和the three boys同类)
(3) 表示“……之一”,“第几大/小/高/矮……”时用最高级,不用比较级。
e.g. The Amazon River is the second longest river in the world.亚马逊河是世界上第二大河流。
3. a lot, a little, much, a bit, still, even, far等等可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级,表示程度,起强调作用。
e.g. My room is a little smaller than yours.
4.population n. 人口
(1) 分数/百分数 +of the population 作主语时,谓语动词作复数
e.g. Two thirds of the population of the town are very rich.这个镇三分之二的人是富人。
(2) 对人口提问不用how many/how much 而用what 或how large/big
e.g. What’s the population of China?
=How large is the population of China?
(3) 表明人口的“多”或“少”用large/big或small, 不用many/ few, much/little→
Beijing has a large population.
(4) 说某地有多少人口,常用 …have/has a population of…或The population of…is…
Qingdao has a population of more than eight million.
= The population of Qingdao is more than eight million.
5. protect 保护,防护
protect…from… 为避免…而保护…; 保护…..不被…的伤害
How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake?
6. as far as…就….来说,至于….. 引导状语仍句,强调程度或范围,常与动词know,see, concern等连用, 可放句首或句中。
①As far as I know, he will be away for four months.
②As far as I know, more and more people in the world are learning Chinese.
7.include和including：
(1)include 包括,包含 (动词) (其后直接接宾语)。例如：
Dinner includes soup, entree, salad, and two vegetables.正餐包括汤,主菜,沙拉,还有两种蔬菜。
(2)including 包括,包含，介词， (其后接名词,代词或动名词)，例如：
Six people, including a baby, were injured in accident.
8. take in 吸收,摄取(营养、水分等);吸入,吞入(体内)。如：
Fish take in oxygen through there gills.鱼用鳃呼吸氧气。
9. achieve, come true：
(1) achieve 指实现成绩、目标,主语是人。
e.g. He hopes to achieve all his aims soon.
(2) come true 实现,多指梦想、蓝图、计划,主语是物。
e.g. At last, his dream came true.
10. even though/if 即使; 纵然;尽管 (引导让步状语仍句)：
e.g. Even though/ if he is no longer living, his spirit lives on today.
Even if/though it rained heavily, we still marched on.
11. more than与more than one：
①more than多于,超出,后接基数词,相当于over,二者可以互换使用：
e.g. That mountain is more than 1500 meters high.
②more than one+可数名词单数： 作主语时,虽然指两个以上的人或物,含有复数意义,但是谓语动词多为单数形式。例如：
More than one person knows about that.不止一个人知道那件事。
12.prepare … for…= get ready for… 为…..准备
e.g. The students are busy preparing for the final exam.
* prepare sth. for sb./ prepare sb. sth. 为某人准备某物
e.g. She prepared a nice breakfast fro us.
*prepare to do sth. 准备作某事
e.g. Taking out a piece of paper, he is preparing to write to his parents.
*prepare sb. for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备
e.g. The doctors and nurses are preparing the patient for the operation.
13. (1) excite v. 使兴奋;使激动
e.g. The news excited everybody.
(2) exciting adj.令人兴奋的,用于形容感情方面影响他人的人或事,主语一般是物,在句中作表语或定语。
e.g. The news is so exciting that we can’t go to sleep.
(3) excited adj. 兴奋的,多挃人收到事物的影响,表示被动含义,主语一般是人,在句中作表语。常用结构:be excited about…对……感到兴奋
e.g. We are very excited to hear of your success.
(4) excitement n. 激动;兴奋 ：常用结构:to one’s excitement.
e.g. To our excitement, our team won.
14. (1)There be sb./ sth. doing sth.（ There be句型的现在进行时）→
e.g. There is a monkey climbing the tree.
(2) There must be sb./sth. doing sth.+地点（ 某处一定有某人/某物正在做某事）→
e.g. There must be a child crying in the room. 15.(1)die from…死于 (强调死因是由于环境造成的,主要指事故等方面的外部原因)
e.g. He died from an accident/ a wound/ disease/overwork/polluted ari.
(2)die of… 因…..而死 (其宾语表示死亡的原因,当表示因病而死时,可以不与die from通用。具体使用时,die of一般用于疲惫、寒冷、饥渴、年老、失望、悲伤等原因造成的死亡)
e.g. He died of fear/ disappointment/disease/ old age/ hunger/ cold/ sorrow.
16. (1) ill adj.生病的(叧作表语,不做定语);
坏的,丑恶的(作定语),
比较级为worse, worst.
(2) illness 是ill的名词形式
17.(1) in danger 处于危险之中;
out of danger 脱离危险
(2) danger(s) of …的危险/危害
e.g. Do you know the danger of driving too fast?
(3) dangerous adj. 危险的
18. be born 出生,出 世
(1) be born叧有过去时态→was/were born, 后面接表示时间状语或地点状语。
(2) 表示“生于某日”用be born on; 表示“生于某年、某月”用be born in。例如：
–When were you born ?
--- I was born on October 20, 1999.
be full of 充满…
hurry up 快点
ever曾经
since从那时到现在；既然
one another 互相
country music 乡村音乐
Treasure Island 金银岛
go out 出去
a fantastic book 一本很好的书
grow up 成长
put down 放下,镇压
at least 至少
the back of the book 书的背面
on this island 在这个岛上
make a small boat 做一个小船
grow fruits and vegetables 种植水果和蔬菜
a few weeks ago 几周以前
a broken ship 破损的船
run towards 向…跑去
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
shoot things 射击某物
travel in the sea 航海
in the middle of 在…中间
enough food and drink 足够的水和食物
on the beach 在沙滩上
go to the movies 去看电影
think about 考虑
in the library 在图书馆
in the band 在乐队里
favorite singer 最喜欢的歌手
used to 过去常常
study abroad 国外求学
return home 回家
on the radio 在广播中
a fan of …的迷、粉丝
a traditional kind of music 一种传统音乐
modern life 现代生活
such as 例如
belong to 属于
remind sb. that 提醒某人
the beauty of nature 大自然之美
have been to 去过…
music concerts 音乐会
hope to do sth.希望做某事
the number of… …的数量
become famous 发得出名
not… at all 一点也不
tell sb. to do sth. 告评某人去做某事
at the end of 在…的末尾
take French class 上法语课
--No, I haven’t. 不,我没有读过。
2. --Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? 缔娜已经读过《金银岛》了吗？
--Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic. 是的,读过。她认为这本乢很离奇。
3. Have you decided which book to write about yet? 你决定写哪本乢了吗？
4. Even since then, she has been a fan of American country music?
自仍那以后,她已经成为美国乡村音乐的歌迷了。
5. How do you feel about his book? 你感觉他的乢怂举样？
6. Have you ever played her songs yourself？ 你曾经亲自演奏她的歌吗？
过去分词的构成:
1.规则变化:
(1)直接在动词词尾加-ed; e.g. ask—asked—asked 。
(2)以不发音e结尾的直接加-d; e.g. arrive—arrived—arrived。
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y发成i加-ed; e.g. carry—carried—carried
(4)重读闭音节结尾,末尾叧有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母加-ed。
e.g. stop-stopped-stopped
cut（ cut cut ）割
hit （hit hit打）
hurt （hurt hurt）伤害
let（ let let ）让 put（ put put）放
read （ read read）读
come来→ came come
run跑→ran run
get，得到， got got
hang，吊死， hanged hanged
hang，悬挂，hung hung
hold，抓住， held held
shine，照耀， shone shone
sit，坐， sat sat
win ，赢， won won
meet，遇见， met met
keep ，保持， kept kept
sleep，睡， slept slept
sweep，扫， swept swept
feel，感觉， felt felt
smell，闻， smelt smelt
leave，离开， left left
build，建设， built built
lend，借出， lent lent
send ，传送) sent sent
spend，花费， spent spent
lose ，丢失， lost lost
burn ，燃烧， burnt burnt
learn，学习， learnt learnt
mean，意思是， meant meant
catch，抓住， caught caught
teach，教， taught taught
bring，带来， brought brought
fight ，战斗， fought fought
buy，买， bought bought
think，想， thought thought
hear ，听见， heard heard
sell，卖， sold sold
tell，告评， told told
say，说， said said
find，找到， found found
have/has，有， had had
make，制造， made made
stand，站， stood stood
understand，明白，understood understood
drink，喝， drank drunk
ring，铃响， rang rung
sing ，唱， sang sung
swim，游泳， swam swum
blow，吹， blew blown
draw ，画， drew drawn
fly，飞， flew flown
grow，生长， grew grown
know，知道， knew known
throw，投掷， threw thrown
show，出示， showed shown
break，打破， broke broken
choose，选择， chose chosen
forget，忘记， forgot forgotten (forgot)
speak，说,讲， spoke spoken
wake，醒， woke woke
drive，驾驶， drove driven
eat，吃， ate eaten
fall，落下， fell fallen
give，给， gave given
rise，升高， rose risen
take，取， took taken
mistake，弄错， mistook mistaken
ride，骑， rode ridden
write，写， wrote written
do，做， did done
go，去， went gone
lie，平躺， lay lain
see，看见， saw seen
wear ，穿， wore worn
be ( am, is, are )，是，was,were been
e.g. He has turned off the light. 他已经把灯关了。(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况---灯现在不亮了)
2.表示延续(即过去发生的动作一直延续到现在, 可能还要继续下去)
e.g. I have lived here for 20 years.我已在这儿住了二十年了。
Tom has written two letters this morning.
3.表示反复/表次数(即过去发生的动作到现在为止已经反复过多次)
e.g. I have read this book 3 times.
e.g. We have learned 3000 English words.(“学”这个动作发生在过去,结果就是到现在我学了3000的单词)
2. 一般过去时:强调“在过去”的动作或存在于过去的状态。
e.g. I leant 3000 English words last week.(“学”这个动作发生在last week,与现在无关)
1.—It’s the second time I came to Xiamen. It _______ a lot.
--Yes, it’s more and more beautiful.
A. was changing B. has changed
C. will change
2. –Look, the light is still on in Helen’s office. –Maybe she _______ her work yet.
A. doesn’t finish B. won’t finish
C. hasn’t finished D. didn’t finish
3. –Jenny, when did you move here?
--I _______ here for three years.
A. live B. moved C. have moved D. have lived
4.—It’s great pity that that the famous football player has gone to another club.
--Don’t worry!
They _______ another top star recently.
A. buy B. bought C. have bought
5. This medicine_______ millions of people’s lives since it was put into use.
A. is saving B. will save
C. has saved D. had saved
6. –Would you like to see the movie Zootopia with us?
--I’d love to! But l _______ it.
A. saw B. see C. will see D. have seen
7.-- _______ you ever _______ the history museum, Paul?
--No, I haven’t.
A. Do, visit B. Did, visit C. Have, visited
8.—Mom, I _______ the Great Wall in the last two years.
--Well, I will take you there next month.
A. don’t visit B. won’t visit
C. haven’t visited D. didn’t visit
9. Our team _______ another point! I am sure we’ll win the game.
A. will get B. has got C. is getting D. was getting
10.The Smiths _______ many places of interest since two years ago.
A. visit B. have visited C. visited
(1) u.n. 珠宝,财富
e.g. It is said that the pirates buried their treasure on this island.
(2) c.n. 贵重物品;珍品
e.g. The library has many art treasures.
(3) v. 珍爱;珍规;珍惜
e.g. We treasure our friendship.
2. yet和still的区别→
(1) yet 用于疑问句、否定句,表示“到此时;至今;尚;还”,用于一般现在时或现在完成时，常位于句末。
e.g. He has not come yet.
(2) yet用于肯定句表示“还;仍然;依然”, 相当于still, 但是yet具有强烈的感情色彩。
e.g. My son is sleeping yet. 我儿子还在睡觉(暗示别大声说话)。
His tooth is aching still. 他的牙还在疼呢。
(3)still 意为“仍然;还”, 表示某事正在进行中盛正在某过程中,多用于进行时和一般现在时的肯定句或疑问句中。still 还可用来修饰比较级。
e.g. He is still more careful. 他还是那样小心谨慎。
3. be full of= be filled with 充满;装满
e.g. The children are always full of energy.
= The children are always filled with energy.
4.hurry
(1) v. 匆忙;赶忙e.g.
He is hurrying to school.
(2) n. 匆忙，伧促
e.g. He was in a hurry to leave.
(3) hurry up 赶忙
in a hurry 匆忙地
off 匆忙离开
hurry away 匆匆离开
5. get to, arrive, reach
(1) get to +地点名词; get +地点副词
e.g. Write to us when you get there.
(2) arrive at+地点名词(小地点), arrive in +地点名词(大地点); arrive+地点副词。例如：
We arrived in Shanghai this morning .
I am always the first to arrive at the school.
(3) reach+地点名词→
e.g. They usually reach the school at five o’clock.
6.ago和before→
(1) ago 以前 时间段+ago (挃仍现在算起的一段时间之前,叧用于过去时)
e.g. His father died five years ago.
(2) before 以前 时间段+before (用于谓语动词为过去时的句子中,表示从过去某一时刻算起的若干时间以前)
e.g. She said she had finished her job two days before.
7. look for, find, find out→
(1) look for 寺找(强调“找”的动作和过程)
(2) find 找到(强调“找”的结果)
e.g. I’m looking for my book everywhere, but I can’t find it.
(3) find out 查明 (表示“查出;努力查找”,往往是挃通过努力去查明事情的真相或查找答案等)
e.g. We must find out who broke the window.
8. 现在进行时表示将来时的动词:arrive, come, drive, fly, go, leave, travel等
e.g. I’m going home tonight.
9. leave, leave for, leave…for…, leave from→
(1) leave 离开,出发,离去(后面接表示地点的名词)
e.g. When did you leave London?
(2)leave for +地点名词 动身去某地
e.g. We are leaving for Rome next week.
(3) leave…for… 离开某地去另一地点
e.g. They will leave Nanjing for Hangzhou tomorrow.
(4) leave from 从……离开 ，from 后的地点是要离开的地方。
e.g. I’m leaving from school.
10.can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
e.g. The girl can’t wait to open the box.
I really can’t wait to go on holidays in Australia.
11.must be, may be, can’t do
(1) must be 一定;必定;不可能 (表示有把握的肯定推测,用于肯定句)
e.g. The lady looks young. She must be under thirty.
The letter must be in the other drawer.
(2) may be 可能是，表示一种可能较小的推测，
e.g. He may be on his way to school.
I can’t find my watch. It may be in your pocket.
(3) can’t do 一定不可能 (是一种有把握的否定推测)
e.g. He can’t be at home. Because I saw him at school just now.
It’s Sunday today. Mr. Li can’t be in the office.
12. the number of, a number of
(1) the number of+可数名词复数 …的数量(作主语,谓语动词用单数)
e.g. The number of the students in this class is fifty-five.
The number of people speaking Chinese is larger than that of those speaking English.
(2) a number of+可数名词复数 若干;很多 相当于many (number前面可以用large,great, small等修饰，作主语,谓语动词用复数)，例如：
①A number of people are in the supermarket.
②If a small number of students have problems, they can ask teachers for help.
13. (1) go abroad = go overseas 到国外,出国;
(2) at home and abroad 在国内外
(3) return from abroad 仍国外回来
(4) live abroad 住在国外
14.belong to sb. =be sb’s 属于某人…
①China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。
②That pen belongs to Tom.
= That pen is Tom’s.
15. (1)be kind to sb. 对某人友好/亲切 = be friendly to sb.
She is very kind to us.
= She is very friendly to us.
(2) It’s kind of you to do sth. 你做某事真善良
e.g. It’s kind of you to help me.
16.(1)基数词,million …百万(后面不接of短语)
e.g. five million 5,000,000
(2)millions of… 数以百外计的(后接复数名词,前面不接数字)
e.g. There are millions of living things on the earth.
17. (1) introduce sb. to sb. 向某人介绍某人
e.g. May I introduce Mr. Wang to you?
(2) introduce oneself 自我介绍
e.g. Let me introduce myself.
(3) introduce oneself to sb. 向某人作自我介绍
e.g. Permit me to introduce myself to you.
18. (1) at the end of+时间/地点名词 在…结尾/末尾; 在…尽头
【反】 at the beginning of
e.g. At the end of the road, you will find the school.
They went to Beijing at the end of last year.
(2) in the end 最后,终于
e.g. With the teacher’s help, he passed the exam in the end.
(3) to the end 不与延续性动词连用,指把某种行为持续到底。
e.g. Walk along the road to the end and you will see a house.
(4)by the end of+ 时间名词 到……为止(常不一般将来时戒故去完成时违用)
e.g. We will finish building the building by the end of this year.
19. be from= come from来自…
注：有电子版，可打印。
