Unit 5 Music
核心单词
1. attach vt.vi. 系上；缚上；附加；连接
常用结构：
attach ...to ...附上；连接；系上；把……归于……
attach importance/significance/value to sth.认为某事物重要/有意义/有重要价值
attach oneself to 依附； 参加(党派等)
be attached to 热爱；依恋；附属于
精讲精析
I attached a wire to the radio.我在收音机上接了一根金属线。
He'll attach the label to your luggage.他会把标签系在你的行李上。
How can you attach the blame for this accident to the driver?你怎么能把这次事故的责任归于司机呢？
Although he was seriously ill, he took part in the basketball match because he attached great value to his school sports record. 尽管他病得很重，他还是参加了学校的篮球比赛，因为他把学校的体育纪录看得很重。
He is deeply attached to his mother.他深爱着自己的母亲。
This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.这个医院附属于附近的那所医学院。
完成句子
很多人认为成为富人和名人很重要。
Many people attach _____________ becoming rich and famous.
我们要把发展经济的工作放在首位。(primary)
We should attach _____________the development of economy.
答案： great importance to primary importance to
2. form vt. 形成；构成；排列；(使)组成；养成（习惯）
联想拓展
form用作名词时的固定搭配：
as a matter of form 作为一种形式；礼貌上
fill out/in a form 填表格
take the form of ... 采取……的形式
in the form of ... 以……的形式
be in/out of form 处于良好/不良的竞技状态
易混辨析form/shape/figure
这三个名词的一般含义为"形状"或"外形"。
form是其中最普通、使用范围最广、含义最多的词。它可以表示哲学上讲的"形态"，文艺上的"体裁"，雕刻艺术中的"形状"，以及普通含义的"方式"或"形式"等。此外，form也可以表示人或动物的"体形；外形"。
shape可以表示隐约可见的"人影"或"物影"、"几何图形"、人体"外形"、引人注目的人物或塑像等。
figure指物时，侧重指轮廓；指人时，着重指姿态。
A plan began to form i
n his mind.一项计划在他脑海里形成。One of the most important tasks for parents is to help and promote to form a child's character.父母的一个重要任务就是要帮助和促进孩子个性的形成。
The soldiers formed into a line.士兵们排成一行。
Flour, eggs, fat and sugar form the main contents of a cake. 面粉、鸡蛋、脂肪和糖是做蛋糕的主要原料。
This disease takes the form of high fever and sickness for several days. 这种病呈现持续几天的发热和呕吐症状。
(1)单项填空
This band is_____________of eight boys and girls, including two Japanese.
A. made B. consist C. attended D. formed
(2)翻译句子
①老师让学生排成一排。 ②他们正在用陶土做碗。
解析：(1) 选D。句意为：这支乐队由8个男孩和女孩组成，其中有2个是日本人。"由……组成"可用be made up of, be formed of或consist of表示。
(2)①The teacher formed the students into a line.
②They are forming bowls from clay.
3. brief adj. 简短的；简要的 n. 搞要；大纲
briefly adv. 简要地；短暂地
Mozart's life was brief.莫扎特的一生是短暂的。
It's not part of my brief to train new employees.培训新雇员不是我工作范围内的事。
常用结构：
in brief／to be brief简言之；简单地说；一句话
翻译句子
①请简洁地说。 ②总之，你做得不好。
答案：①Please be brief. In brief, your work is bad.
4. earn vt. 赚；挣得；获利；赢得；获得
常用结构：
earn one's living=make a living 谋生
earn money= make money 挣钱
earn a good reputation 赢得一个好名声
易混辨析earn/obtain/acquire/get/gain
earn 侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价，有功而获得。
obtain 着重指通过巨大努力、要求得到所需或盼望已久的东西。
acquire书面用语，强调通过不断地、持续地努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地获得。
get一般用语，使用较广。可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。
gain侧重指经过努力或有意识的行动而取得某种成就，或指获得某种利益或好处。
She earned a living as a parttime secretary.她靠做兼职秘书为生。
He failed to obtain a scholarship.他没有获得奖学金。（巨大努力、盼望已久的）
His achievement earned him respect.他的成就赢得人们的尊敬。（靠自己的劳动）
He gained much good. 他得到很多好处。（利益或好处）
He got the first prize in the listening contest.他在听力比赛中获得了一等奖。（使用较广）
单项填空
The day I discovered that the good name my parents had brought _____________our whole family the respect of our neighbours.
A. earned B. deserved C. given D. used
解析：选A。按照句意，此处应为"赢得"的意思。earn的宾语可以是name, fame, reputation, position等。
5. hit n. （演出等）成功；打击；打 vt.&vi. 击中；碰撞；袭击；（精神上）打击；使突然想起
常用结构：
hit it 猜中，说对了
hit on/upon 偶然碰上；偶然找到；偶然想起
be/make a hit (with sb.)（给某人）留下很好的第一印象；使某人一见钟情
易混辨析hit/strike/beat
hit 用于表示"命中，击败"。
strike 指有意识的动作，也可以指无意识的动作，可能是用力地打一下，也可能是多下。敲钟必须用strike。
beat 指有目的地在某物上连续不断地击打、轻打、重打都可以。如：心脏的跳动。
Her new series is a smash hit.她的新系列节目极为成功，引起轰动。
The farmers were hit hard by the drought last winter.去年冬天久旱不雨，农民受到严重打击。
It hit me all of a sudden that he had already come back.我突然想到他已经回来了。
单项填空
The song was a _____________ at once and its recording tape rose to No.1 on the best-seller list.
A. shock B. strike C. hit D. beat
解析：选C。按照句意此处表示"（演出等方面）成功"。
6. performance n. ［C ］演出；演奏；表演；成绩；成果；表现［U］履行；实行；完成
常用结构：
put on a performance 上演；表演
give a performance 进行表演
The evening performance begins at 8 o'clock.晚上的演出8点开始。
He failed completely in the performance of his duty.他完全没有履行他的职责。
Our basketball team's performance has been excellent.我们篮球队的表现一向优异。
联想拓展
perform v. 履行，执行，做；表演，演出；工作运转（好/不好）
The engine seems to be performing well.这台机器看上去运转良好。
perform an experiment 做实验
perform an operation 做手术
perform a ceremony 出席仪式
单项填空
It was known to him that they would invite him to_____________in the New Year's Concert.
A. perform B. reach C. attain D. accomplish
解析：选A。动词perform此处用作不及物动词，意为"表演；演出；演奏"，其他三个词意为"达到；完成"，不符合句意。
7. familiar adj. 熟悉的；常见的；亲近的
联想拓展
get/be familiar with 主语通常是人，表示"熟知某人/某事"。
be familiar to 主语一般为物，表示"（对某人来说）某物是很熟悉的（事物）"。
Are you familiar with this type of car?你熟悉这种型号的汽车吗？
Are you familiar with the rules of baseball?你熟悉棒球的规则吗?
These facts are familiar to you all.这些事实你们大家都很熟悉。
French was as familiar to him as English.他像熟悉英语那样熟悉法语。
高手过招
完成句子
①我可以当你的导游，因为我对这个地方非常熟悉。
I can be your guide because I _____________ this area.
②他的名字是我所熟悉的，但是我想如果我再看到他，恐怕认不出来了。
His name _____________me, but I don't think I can recognize him if I see him again.
答案： ①am familiar with ②is familiar to
重点短语
8. dream of 梦想
常用结构：
dream of/about (doing) sth. 梦见做……
dream of/about sb./sth梦见某人/某物
dream one's life away虚度光阴
dream a ...dream 做……梦
I dreamt about flying last night.昨夜我梦见自己在飞翔。
Was it real or did I dream it?是真的还是我当时在做梦呢?
翻译句子
①她虚度一生, 一事无成。
②我梦见自己能飞翔。
答案：①She dreamt her life away, never really achieved anything.
②I dreamt (that) I could fly.
9. to be honest(with you)老实（对你）说
联想拓展
honestly speaking老实说；实话实说
to tell the truth 说实话；老实说
To be honest, I don't like him very much.老实说，我并不是很喜欢他。
We don't have a chance of winning the match, to be honest. 说实话，我们没有赢得这场比赛的可能。
单句改错
①To be honesty, it is the worst film I have ever seen.
②Honest speaking, you are the most hardworking person I have ever seen.
答案：①honesty→honest ②Honest→Honestly
10. break up 解散；驱散；分裂；拆散；结束；使精神垮掉
联想拓展
break away from 摆脱；脱离
break down 机器出故障；崩溃; 瓦解
break in 破门而入；插嘴
break into the house破门而入
break one's promise/word 食言
break out 战争、火灾等爆发
break into laughter 突然大笑
break through 突破；穿过
break off the conversation/relations中断交谈/关系
The police tried to break up the crowd.警察试图驱散人群。
The car is always breaking down.这辆车老是出毛病。
Children shouldn't break in on adults' conversation.小孩子不要打断大人们的谈话。
单项填空
The couple had quarrelled all time before they _____________their engagement.
A. broke down B. broke through
C. broke off D. broke out
解析：选C。句中quarrel暗示了"中断婚约"。break off the conversation/relations中断交谈/关系。
11. above all 首先；尤其；最重要的是
联想拓展
above all是从事物的重要性上说的"首先，最重要的是"。
first of all是从事物的排列顺序上说的"第一"。
in all表示"总共；总而言之"。
after all表示"毕竟"。
all in all 从各方面考虑；总的来说
not at all 不用谢
all long 一直，始终
Never waste anything, and above all, never waste time. 不要浪费东西,尤其是不要浪费时间。
单项填空
―Would you like to see a film with me?
―I'd love to, but I cannot;_____________, I am busy. For another, I don't want to go out today.
A. for one thing B. for example
C. for another thing D. above all
解析：选A。从空后的for another可知答案。for one thing, ...for another为固定搭配，意思是"一方面……，另一方面……"。
12. sort out 分类；整理
常用结构：
sort sth./oneself out解决（某个/自己的问题等）
We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones.咱们得把好苹果拣出来, 同坏的分开。
Let' s leave them to sort themselves out.他们的事儿让他们自己解决吧。
联想拓展
look out 当心
pick out 挑选出
sell out 卖光
put out 扑灭
wear out 穿坏
carry out 执行
take out 取出
try out 试试
find out 查明
be/go out 外出，熄灭
翻译句子
①我需要先安顿一下, 然后再去找新的工作。
②这个房间需要收拾一下。
答案：①I need to sort my life/myself out a bit before I start looking for a new job.
②This room needs sorting out.
重点句型
13. Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.一些不认识他们的人也在不断地讨论他们的私生活，而且就像是他们的密友一样在谈论他们。
as if/though "好像，似乎"；可引导状语从句。
作连词时，后可跟从句、分词、形容词等，引导从句时常用虚拟语气，表示与事实不符或相反的情况。
与现在事实不符或相反，谓语动词常用一般过去时（be动词用were）;
与过去事实不符或相反，谓语动词常用过去完成时；
有时不接从句，而接分词、形容词、副词，不定式、介词短语等，可以看成是省略的句子。
He spoke in that way as if he were a foreigner.他讲话的方式就好像是老外。
单项填空
He held his pen as if he _____________what to write.
A. has known B. had known C. knew D. known
解析：选B。由主句是一般过去时可推出从句虚拟语气为过去完成时。
14. However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band.然而，大约一年以后，他们对自己的工作开始逐渐认真起来。"门基"组合开始像一支真正的乐队那样演唱他们自己的歌曲了。
in which此处引导定语从句修饰a year or so,可换成when,"介词+关系代词which"大多可转换成关系副词来引导定语从句。
I shall never forget the day on which (=when) we moved into our new house.我将永远不会忘记我们搬进新居的那一天。
翻译句子
①那起交通事故就是在这里发生的吗？
②我们不知道她为什么没来参加聚会。
答案：①Is this the place at which (=where) the traffic accident occurred?
②We don't know the reason for which (=why) she didn't come to the party.
Ⅲ.佳句再现
1.so that 引导目的状语从句,意为“以便于”
Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway_____________ (以便他们能够赚) some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.
2.“代词+of+which”构成的定语从句
The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music,_____________(大多都在模仿) the Beatles.
3.whenever引导时间状语从句,意为“无论何时”
Now_____________(无论我们何时去酒吧),we play our songs and buy drinks for the regulars.
4.not…without…双重否定句式,意为“没有……就不能……”。
Freddy and his band _____________(无论到哪里都有人跟随).
5.as if/though引导方式状语从句,意为“似乎;好像”
Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked _____________(好像他们是密友).
答案：1.so that they can earn
2.most of which was based loosely on
3.whenever we go to the pub
4.could not go out anywhere without being followed
5.as if they were close friends
●1 The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music,most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐,还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
句型公式 主语+谓语+…, many/most of which/whom…
【句式点拨】most of which是“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构,用来引导定语从句。常见的此类结构还有:some/several/a few/a little/many/more+of which/whom等。
【相关拓展】句式区分:定语从句、并列句和独立主格
(1)He wrote a lot of books, and most of them were popular.(句中用了并列连词,整个句子为并列句)
(2)He wrote a lot of books, most of which were popular.(句中用了which,为定语从句)
(3)He wrote a lot of books, most of them being popular.(句中用了非谓语动词being,为独立主格结构)
【活学活用】
(1)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city. 这里居住着将近1000人, 他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活了。
(2)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, most of which are beyond our control.植物的生长速度受诸多因素的影响, 绝大多数的因素是我们控制不了的。
(3)一句多译。
①The girl has contributed many articles to different newspapers and magazines in the past few years, _____________young people. (定语从句)
②The girl has contributed many articles to different newspapers and magazines in the past few years, and _____________young people. (并列句)
③The girl has contributed many articles to different newspapers and magazines in the past few years, _____________young people.(独立主格)
在过去的几年中这个女孩给不同的报纸和杂志投了很多稿件,其中大多数对年轻人有吸引力。
答案：●1 (3)①most of which appeal to ②most of them appeal to ③most of them appealing to
●2 Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.弗雷迪和他的乐队走到哪里都会有人跟随。
句型公式 not/never…without…(双重否定句)没有……不……
【句式点拨】句中not…without…表示双重否定(即肯定)。not/never do…without doing意为“没有做……就不能做……;要做……必定做……”。
【相关拓展】常见的双重否定表肯定意义的结构还有:
no/not…no/not…没有……没有……
can't…too/enough…越……,越……;无论怎样……也不为过
can't wait to do sth 迫不及待地做某事;急于做某事
【活学活用】
(1)I like the night. Without the dark, we'd never see the stars. 我喜欢夜晚。没有黑暗,我们将永远都看不见星星。
(2)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without being recognized. 这位电影明星戴着太阳镜。因此,他去买东西不会被认出。
(3)语法填空。
①According to the regulation,drunk passengers cannot take a taxi ___________being accompanied.
②Anderson suggests that television can_______be condemned without considering other influences.
③She is very nice to me. I can't be grateful _____________to her.
④When we watched the clown performing,we could not help _____________(laugh).
⑤Standing at Domodedovo Airport, she says she cannot wait _____________(escape).
答案：●2 (3)①without ②not ③enough ④laughing ⑤to escape
