1.毛笔
毛笔（中国毛笔)是一种源于中国的传统书写工具，与墨、纸、砚（砚台)并称为"文房四宝"。毛笔有着悠久的历史，相传为秦始皇的大将蒙恬所创。毛笔笔尖最初用兔毛，后来也用羊、狼、鸡、鼠等动物毛，笔管用竹或其他材料制成。在古代，毛笔不仅是一种基本的书写工具，还被广泛用于书法（书法)和绘画创作。几千年来，它为创造中华民族光辉灿烂的文化做出了卓越的贡献。
毛笔是一种起源于中国的传统书写工具。墨、纸、砚、毛笔被称为"文房四宝"。
中国毛笔有着悠久的历史。传说毛笔是由秦始皇手下的将军蒙恬发明的。最初，刷子的头部是用兔子的毛制成的，后来也用山羊、狼、鸡、老鼠和其他动物的毛制成。轴由竹子或其他材料制成。在古代，毛笔不仅是一种必不可少的书写工具，还被广泛用于书法和绘画。几千年来，它为创造灿烂的中国文化做出了杰出的贡献。
2.刺绣
刺绣（刺绣)是中国民间传统手工艺之一，有着悠久的历史。刺绣的历史可以追溯到商朝，而汉朝则见证了刺绣在风格和技术上的一大飞跃。日月星辰、花鸟鱼虫等很多事物都可以成为刺绣的内容。在古代，刺绣只由特权（特权)阶层独享，象征其较高的社会地位。随着社会的发展，刺绣逐渐进入普通百姓的生活。如今，刺绣已走出国门，成为中国人民与世界各国人民友好往来的桥梁。
刺绣是中国传统民间手工艺品之一，历史悠久。刺绣的历史可以追溯到商朝。汉朝见证了刺绣风格和技术的飞跃。很多东西都可以成为刺绣的内容，比如太阳、月亮、星星、花、鸟、鱼和昆虫。在古代，刺绣只有特权阶级才能享受，象征着他们的高社会地位。随着社会的发展，它进入普通人的生活。如今它已经走出中国，成为中外友好交流的桥梁。
3.面子
对于中国人来说，"面子"十分重要，它指的是一个人根源于自尊的名誉观。大部分中国人都认为，有面子对一个人来说是非常重要的事情，丢面子则会给人带来巨大的痛苦。因此，在中国，人们必须了解并遵守面子规则，如果违反就会受到严厉的惩罚。然而，有时候人们丢面子不仅仅是因为他们的行为不符合社会的要求，还可能是由于别人的行为没有符合他自己的期待。
面子对中国人来说非常重要。它可以被定义为根植于自尊的一个人的声誉的概念。大多数中国人认为有面子是最重要的事情之一
d things, while to lose face is a cause of great anguish. Thus, in China, people are expected to know and abide by the rules of face and will be penalized harshly if they break them. However, sometimes a person could lose face not only because of his failure to match up to social requirements, but also because of the failure of others to act in accordance with his expectations.
4.农民医保
在中国，农村人口占相当大的比例。虽然他们的收入远比城镇居民要低，抗风险能力更差，但是长期以来，他们却不能像城镇居民一样享受基本的医疗保障。为此，我国正在推行一项前所未有的计划:用8年的时间，在全国农村基本建立起新型的合作医疗制度(cooperative medicare system)，以解决所有农民的医疗保障问题，使他们不必再为看不起病而犯愁。经济发达的浙江省已率先实行这一制度。
In China, the rural population accounts for a large portion. They were not entitled, for a very long period of time, to the basic medical security like urban citizens, although they were more vulnerable to risks because of their far lower incomes. Therefore, an unprecedented project is launched in China to build a new cooperative medicare system within eight years in rural areas, which will deal with the medical security issue of all the farmers and free them from worries of being unable to afford a cure. The developed Zhejiang Province has taken a lead in employing the new system.
5.考研热
近年来，人们常会吃惊地看到高校图书馆尚未开门，门外就早已排起了长队。随着一年一度的全国研究生入学考试(the national post-graduate entrance exam)的临近，对于许多考生来说，每天在图书馆抢座就成了个苦差事。就业市场上巨大的求职压力以及雇主对人才的更高要求迫使更多人加入了考研大军。2014年，申请考研的人数达到了创纪录的172万。因此，人们将之戏称为“考研热”(post-graduate mania)。
In recent years, people may feel amazed to see the long waiting lines outside college libraries much earlier than their open time. With the approach of the annual national post-graduate entrance exam, securing a seat in the library becomes a daily chore for many examinees. Huge job-hunting pressure in job market and high demands on talents from employers have pushed more people into the competition of the post-graduate entrance exam. The number of applicants reached a record as high as 1.72 million in 2014. Thus people dub it “post-graduate mania”.
6.中美贸易
中美贸易之所以能迅速发展，根本原因在于两国经济具有极大的互补性(complementarity)。这种互补性，很大程度上是因为两国在资源条件、经济结构以及消费水平方面存在着很大的差异。中国是最大的发展中国家，市场广阔，劳动力成本低，但资金短缺、技术和管理相对落后。美国是最大的发达国家，经济总量大，资本充足，科技发达，但劳动力成本高。这种差异性在经济全球化的大背景下显得更加突出。
The fundamental reason for such a rapid growth in China-US trade lies in the high degree of complementarity of the two economies, which, to a large extent, stems from their great differences in resources, economic structures and consumption levels. China is the world's largest developing country with a huge market and low cost of labor, but short in capital and relatively backward in technology and management. On the other hand, the US is the world's largest developed country, big in size, abundant in capital, and advanced in science and technology. But the cost of labor in the US is very high. Such difference is likely to become more prominent in the general background of economic globalization.
7.秧歌
秧歌(the Yangko dance)是几百年前农民在稻田里劳作时创作的一种传统的中国民间舞蹈。扭秧歌时，舞者跟随音乐节奏(rhythm)扭动身体，步伐夸张，将古老的故事以一种新的形式呈现给观众。热闹的场面、丰富的舞蹈语言、兴高采烈的手势和生动的表演形式使得秧歌深受中国人民的喜爱。每逢重大节日，人们都会自发地举办秧歌表演。在场的所有人都聚精会神地观看演出，欣赏和感受着舞者的感情，全然忘记了自己生活中的烦恼。
The Yangko dance is a traditional Chinese folk dance created by farmers when they worked in the rice field hundreds of years ago. During the dance, the dancers sway their bodies to music rhythms and walk at an exaggerated pace to present old stories to the audience in a new style. Thanks to its jolly scene, abundant dance language, exuberant gestures, and vivid performing style, it is always favored by the Chinese. People will organize Yangko dance performances spontaneously whenever there is a grand festival. All the people present are concentrating on the performance, appreciating and sharing the feelings of the dancers, and forgetting the troubles in their own life.
“生、旦、净、丑”是京剧中的角色分类。“生”是男性正面角色，“旦”是女性正面角色，“净”是性格鲜明的男性配角(supporting role)，“丑”是幽默滑稽的人物或反面角色。每种角色都有表明身份的脸谱(facial make-up)和扮相(costume)，只要演员一上场，你一看便知。在人的脸上涂上某种颜色以象征这个人的性格和品质、角色和命运，是京剧的一大特点，也是理解剧情的关键。简单地讲，红脸含有褒义，代表忠勇(valor)；黑脸为中性，代表猛(vigor)智；黄脸和白脸含贬义，代表凶诈。
Sheng, dan, jing, chou refer to different types of roles in Peking Opera. Sheng is the positive male role, and dan is the positive female role, while jing is a supporting male role with a distinctive character and chou is the clown or a negative character. Each type of role has its own facial make-up and costume that expose its identity as soon as he/she appears on the stage. One major characteristic of Peking Opera is the color painted on the face of a character that shows the personality, quality, role and fate, which is also the key to understanding the plot. To put it simply, red is positive, standing for loyalty and valor; black represents a neutral role, representing vigor and wisdom; yellow and white both suggest cunning and negative characters.
2.筷子
筷子由两根长短相同的木棍组成，是中国的传统餐具(eating utensil)。筷子出现在三千多年前，它的出现不仅是中国烹饪文化的变革，也是人类文明的标志。此外，筷子在烹饪技巧的发展过程中也起着推动作用。如今，筷子不仅是一种餐具，还成为一种独特的文化形式，对于我们来说，筷子可以作为艺术品来欣赏、研究和收藏。筷子虽小，但仍被世界上许多人所推崇。一项有趣的实验表明，当你在使用筷子的时候，许多关节和肌肉都会得到锻炼。
Chopsticks, the traditional eating utensils in China, are a pair of equal length sticks. Chopsticks appeared more than three thousand years ago. The appearance of chopsticks is not only a revolution of Chinese cuisine culture, but also a symbol of human civilization. Besides, chopsticks have promoted the development of cooking techniques. Today, chopsticks are not only a kind of tableware, but also have become a unique culture form, coming in front of us as a work of art for appreciation, research and collection. Chopsticks are small, but they are adored by many people in the world. An interesting experiment shows that many joints and muscles can be exercised when you use chopsticks.
3.社区公益
社区公益(community public benefit)以公益机构为主体，为达成公益目的而鼓励社区发动居民积极参与各种公益服务或活动。近年来，越来越多的机构和企业投身到社会公益事业之中，或进行大额捐款，或成立慈善基金，力图在履行社会责任的同时，凸显企业的品牌和产品。显然，这是社会公益不成熟的一种表现，因为那些有着巨大社会需求的社区公益服务，由于需要长期默默无闻的服务和关怀，还没有得到更多的关注。
The community public benefit whose main body is public organizations encourages community residents to take part in various kinds of public services or activities to reach the goal of public benefit. In recent years, more and more organizations and enterprises devote themselves to public benefit by donating large amounts of money or establishing charitable funds to advertise their brands and products while fulfilling their social responsibilities. Obviously, it is a reflection of immature public benefit, because the community public benefit service with large social demand hasn't been paid more attention to due to the need of long-term obscure services and care.
4.出行方式的转变
中国人的出行方式经过了一个从“体力”到“便捷”的漫长过程。20世纪50至70年代，自行车是中国人最“拉风”的交通工具，也是那个时期最具有符号意义的社会特征。20世纪80年代，摩托车(motorcycle)开始逐步成为交通工具中的“新宠”。从20世纪90年代初到现在，随着城市交通和汽车工业的发展，加之忙碌的生活节奏，越来越多的人选择以汽车代步，私家车的数量以惊人的速度与日俱增，老百姓的生活“安”上了车轮。
The ways Chinese people adopt to get around have experienced a long process from depending on physical strength to taking convenient tools. From 1950s to 1970s, bicycles were the most fashionable means of transportation and also the most important characteristic of society during that time. In the 1980s, motorcycles gradually became the new favorite. From the early 1990s to the present, with the development of urban traffic and automotive industry, as well as the increasingly busy life, more and more people prefer private cars, making the number of private cars grow at a surprising speed. The life of ordinary people seems to be installed by wheels, moving ahead fast.
5.网上银行
网上银行拥有许多优势。网上银行从不关门，每天24小时、每周7天全天候营业，而且只需轻点鼠标即可完成交易。当你的财务发生问题，而你附近又没有营业厅或自动取款机时，你可以马上登陆网上银行来处理你的财务。网上银行处理并确认交易的速度通常达到或者超过了自动取款机的运行速度。网上银行现在还提供账目总计、股票报价等先进的工具，以帮助你更有效地理财。
Online banking has a lot of advantages. It never closes, offering services 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and all you need to do is just a slight click of the mouse. If your nearby banks or ATMs are not available when financial problems arise, you can immediately log on to your online banking and cope with your business. In terms of the speed of the execution and confirmation of transactions, online banking is generally no slower than ATMs. Online banking now offers advanced tools, including account aggregation, stock quotes and so on to help you manage your assets more effectively.
6.生物产业
生物产业是国家确定的一项战略性新兴产业。过去五年，中国生物产业的年均增速超过了20%。随着城镇化和工业化大幅推进，我国面临日趋严峻的人口老龄化、食品安全、能源短缺、生态环境恶化等挑战。为保障人口健康、粮食安全和推进节能减排，亟须加快新型药物、作物新品种、绿色种植技术、生物燃料(biofuel)和生物发电(bioelectrogenesis)、生物环保技术、生物基产品(bio-based product)等的开发培育和推广应用，因此，生物产业将继续呈现高增长态势。
The biological industry is an emerging industry of strategic importance designated by the state. During the past five years, the annual growth rate of China's biological industry has been beyond 20% on average. With large-scale urbanization and industrialization, China is facing worsening challenges such as the aging population, food safety, energy resources shortage and ecological environment deterioration. To ensure residents' health, food safety and the promotion of energy conservation and emissions reduction, the development and application of new drugs, new crop varieties, green planting technology, biofuel and bioelectrogenesis, biological environmental protection technology, and bio-based products, etc. are urgently needed to be accelerated. Therefore, the biological industry will keep high growth.
7.少数民族文化与工艺
中国是历史悠久的多民族国家。光辉灿烂的中华文化，是各民族相互融合，共同创造的。由于生态环境、生产生活方式以及民俗风情的差异，各少数民族在长期的历史发展过程中，形成了风格迥异、丰富多彩的文化特质。少数民族工艺美术品是民族悠久历史与灿烂文化的重要载体，是各民族能工巧匠利用各种材料和技术创造的实用艺术品，充分体现出不同文化的独特魅力。这些种类繁多、色彩绚丽、技巧纷呈的卓越创造，构成了中华民族文化艺术中奇异、动人的图画。
China is a time-honored country consisting of many ethnic groups. Various ethnical civilizations have assimilated and intermingled with each other and brought forth the splendid Chinese culture together. Due to different ecological environments, modes of production and life and folk customs, minority groups have created their fantastic culture with different genres during their long-term development. Arts and crafts of ethnic minorities created by the craft masters embody their long history and brilliant culture. These works were made from a multitude of materials by using a variety of techniques and served pragmatic use, fully embodying the unique charm of their culture. The great varieties of colorful works produced with brilliant skills by ethnic minorities contribute an exotic and appealing flavor to the whole of Chinese art.
