英语六级阅读】练习三
Directions:这一节有两段。每篇文章后面都有一些问题或未完成的陈述。对于每一个选项，你应该从标有a)、B)、C)和d)的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
第一段
问题21至25基于下面的文章。
这可能是你买的最后一本书。当然，从实用的角度来看，这将是你唯一需要的书。不，这不是《圣经》或其他许诺启蒙的新时代书籍——尽管它可以让你同时携带这两种文本。这是一本电子书——一本可以包含一个信息库的书，或者，如果你的口味符合当前潮流，可以包含当今畅销书排行榜上的每一本书。当你看完这些，你可以用新的标题来填充它。
为什么是电子书？电脑可以存储大量的数据，它们的笔记本电脑伴侣使所有的信息都可以随身携带。确实如此。但是笔记本电脑（便携式电脑)和类似的便携式信息设备需要大量的电力——和沉重的电池——来保持它们的液晶显示屏幕运行。而且液晶显示器在阳光下不容易阅读。
事实是，当谈到便携性，易于观看，低功耗的要求，很难击败普通的旧纸。
所以让我们把墨水电子化。
这是麻省理工学院一个项目背后看似简单的前提。一些障碍——大部分与大规模制造有关——仍然存在，所以你还需要几年才能在商店里看到电子书出售。但基本技术已经存在，由物理学家乔雅各布森领导的团队在该研究所的媒体实验室开发。多亏了电子墨水，这本书本质上是自己排版，通过书脊里的电子设备接收每页的指令。从功耗的角度来看，这个过程使得电子书非常高效。不像液晶显示屏幕，它一直使用电力，一旦电子图书的页面被排版，就不再需要能量来查看它们。只需要一个小电池，而不是笔记本电脑和液晶显示器所需的大电池。
然而，便利仍然是主要的吸引力
— and that means more than simple portability. Because the information is in electronic form, it can be easily manipulated.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Thousands of years ago man used handy rocks for his surgical operations. Later he used sharp bones or horns, metal knives and more recently, rubber and plastic. And that was where we stuck, in surgical instrument terms, for many years. In the 1960s a new tool was developed, one which was, first of all, to be of great practical use to the armed forces and industry, but which was also, in time, to revolutionize the art and science of surgery.
The tool is the laser and it is being used by more and more surgeons all over the world, for a very large number of different complaints. The word laser means: Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Light. As we all know, light is hot; any source of light--- from the sun itself down to a humble match burning will give warmth. But light is usually spread out over a wide area. The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated. This means that a light with no more power than that produced by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.
Experiments with these pinpoint beams showed researchers that different energy sources produce beams that have a particular effect on certain living cells. It is now possible for eye surgeons to operate on the back of the human eye without harming the front of the eye, simply by passing a laser beam right through the eyeball. No knives, no stitches, no unwanted damage--- a true surgical wonder.
Operations which once left patients exhausted and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable. So much more difficult operations can now be tired.
The rapid development of laser techniques in the past years has made it clear that the future is likely to be very exciting. Perhaps some cancers will be treated with laser in a way that makes surgery not only safer but more effective. Altogether, tomorrow may see more and more information coming to light on the diseases which can be treated medically.
26. Up to the 1960s the instruments used to perform surgical operations were_______.
A) special
B) extraordinary
C) fashionable
D) fundamental
27. After the development of the laser in the 1960s, we find that_____.
A) medical help became available for industrial workers
B) more and more surgeons began using surgical instruments
C) the study of art went through a complete revolution
D) man’s whole approach to surgery was changed completely
28. The laser beam is so strong because____.
A) it is composed of a concentrated beam of light.
B) it can be plugged into an ordinary light fitting
C) it sends out heat in many different directions
D) its heat is increased by the heat of the sun
29. Surgeons can now carry out operations which_______.
A) are made much more complicated by using the laser beam
B) can be performed successfully only on the human eye
C) result in long periods of recovery time for patients
D) result in very little damage to the patients themselves
30. The rapid development of laser techniques has meant that____.
A) in another ten years we shall be able to cure cancer
B) surgery is likely to improve considerably
C) we shall be able to treat all the diseases we suffer from
D) we are now able to treat most forms of cancer
Passage One
短文大意: 从实用的观点出发，你所需要的唯一的一本书就是一本电子书。电子书可以容纳一个图书馆的信息资料或者包含当今畅销书目中的每一本书，而且你孩子可以随意更换电子书中的篇名及内容。由于某些实质性问题还未得到解决，所以这种电子书还得过几年才可能在书店里销售。
21. 答案为D）。本题是一道细节题。你将需要的惟一一本书是什么?不同的人会有不同的回 答，因此必须根据文章来选择答案。A项圣经，B项单卷书，C项新时代巨著，D项电子书，这四个答案在文章第一段中都被提到，但是 ... from a practical standpoint, it will be the only book you’ll ever need. No. It’s not the Bible or some New Age tome ... It’s an electronic book—a single volume that ... (从实用观点看，这将是你需要的惟一的一本书。不过，这不是《圣经》，也不是新时代巨著……，这是一本电子书——一本单卷书……)由此不难判断出正确答案应为D项。
22. 答案为C）。本题是一道判断正误的题目。A项它可以容纳一个图书馆的信息资料或者包含当今畅销书目中的每一本书。B项尽管我们了解其基本技术，但现在还没有这样的书出售。C项便携式电脑需要大量电源来使液晶显示屏工作，并且这种显示屏仍有缺陷。D项你可随意更换电子书中的篇名及内容。这四个选项都可在文章中找到依据，因此均为正确的陈述，但是本题问的是关于电子书，哪一陈述不正确，由此可见C项谈论的是便携式电脑及液晶显示屏，而非电子书，所以C项为本题的正确答案。
23. 答案为A）。本题测试的是对文章句意的理解。本题答案的依据在文章第五段第一句话：That’s the deceptively simple premise behind a project currently coming to fruition at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.(那就是麻省理工学院近来已取得成果的一项科研项目的最简单的前提)。本句中that是个指示代词，很明显指代的是So let’s make the ink electronic.(所以，让我们使油墨电子化)中的电子油墨，故A项“电子化油墨”为正确选项。
24. 答案为A）。本题测试的是文章的细节部分。电子书和液晶显示屏在文章的第六 段给予了详细说明：Unlike an LCD screen, which uses power all the time, energy is no longer needed to view the electronic book’s pages once they are typeset.(它和液晶显示屏不一样，液晶显示屏时时都离不开电源，而电子书一旦排好字，观看时再也不需要能量)。B项、C项和D项三项中涉及到的便携性、方便性及内容在文章中作者都未作对比，因此排除之而选A项“他们需要的电源不同”。
25.答案为B）。本题是道细节分析题。本题所问的电子书还得再过几年才有销售的原因在文章第五段中就已提及。Some hurdles—mostly having to do with large-scale manufacturing—remain, so it will be a few years before you see an electronic book for sale in stores.(有些难题——多数和大规模生产有关——仍然没有得到解决，所以还得再过几年你才能看到电子书在书店出售)。文章第七段将所提及的难题具体化了：such ink was recently demonstrated in the lab but has yet to be produced in volume.(这种油墨近来已在实验室演示过，但还不能大批量生产)。这里所提油墨即为上句所说的能导电的电子油墨，由此可判断出B项为最佳选项。A项和C项所说与文章内容不相符，而D项虽与文章内容相符，但并非是原因，因此舍弃。
Passage Two
短文大意：本文介绍了近代医疗手术工具领域的一项重大发明，也就是激光在手术中的成功使用；作者概括了激光的基本原理、超乎寻常的优点，并且预测在未来，激光的进一步发展将使医疗手术能够治愈的疾病范围大大拓宽。
26．答案为 D）。细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句话可以看出，1960年之前的医疗工具应该是“原始的、基础的”。
27．答案为 D）。细节理解题。文章第一段提到“which was also, in time, to revolutionize the art and science of surgery”， “which ”指代的就是问题中提到的六十年代的激光的发展，选项 D中的“was changed completely ” 与文中的“ revolutionize ”是一致的，故 D“人类手术的方法完全地改变了”是正确的。
28．答案为 A）。细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The light in a laser beam, however, is concentrated” 及“ … becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint’sized beam ” 可以得出当激光集于一点时会产生很强的能量，所以选项 A“当它是由一束光聚集而成的时候”会产生巨大的能量是正确的。
29. 答案为 D）。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的最后一句话， “No knives, no stitches, no wanted damage – a true surgical wonder.”，这一句话中的“ no unwanted damage ”和“ little damage ”是相对应的，所以 D项“不给患者带来任何伤害”正确。
30．答案为 B）。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，激光技术的发展意味着“外科手术上的重大的发展”，所以选项 B正确。
资料来源：新大学英语四、六级考点透视丛书：六级阅读/李华田主编，武汉大学出版社，2006
