2018高考前词汇夯实、方法指导、故事分享(二)
每天一次高考英语练习，巩固词汇，掌握方法，分享故事！为了高考和未来加油！
一、词汇夯实
有些词就像双胞胎一样。不仔细看，一不小心就可能“认错人”。如果在考场上因为分不清相似的单词而失分，那岂不是太惨了…
以下是80组最容易混淆的单词。希望同学们认真研究每组单词的异同，牢记每个单词对应的意思。
1.安静是相当安静的
2.影响；假装；假装；假装；假装；假装
3.适应采用采用熟练的
4.天使角度
5.牛奶工厂日记
6.内容奋斗，奋斗内容，内容。
竞赛，竞争
7.主要原则
8.隐式隐式显式
9.甜品甜品沙漠沙漠(n .)；放弃
学位论文写论文。
10.轻拍轻拍
拍打，敲打，击打
11.下降，下降
下降
12.甜蜜的汗水
3.后来，后来，后来，后来，后来
最近的
14.服装服饰风俗习惯
15.粗放，粗放，集约。
16.听觉听觉口语
17.出国上船(船、飞机)
18.祭坛；祭坛；祭坛
同意同意上升
重音重音
20.冠军香槟香槟
竞选运动
1.巨头
谷仓古老的仓库在贫瘠的贫瘠的土地
22.光束光束，光束光束
be的过去式
23.先行在进行之前。继续
24.祈祷祈祷猎物猎物
5.鸡鸡厨房厨房
26.猴子猴子驴子驴子
27.家务和弦
绳索
28.引用是指站点位置
视觉
29.碰撞声(金属碰撞声)摔得粉碎。
压碎压力
30.恭维称赞补充，补充
31.确认确认符合使符合
32.联系人联系人合同合同
对比度控制
3.理事会的咨询意见
领事领事
34.乌鸦冠
小丑小丑牛
35.服药后会打瞌睡
36.draw draw drown的过去分词。
37.粗鲁粗鲁自然
38.源源，水源酱酱油
茶托茶
39.职业假期
唤起唤起撤销的撤回。
40.资源资源救援
41.移居国外的
来自一个国家的移民
42.不道德的不道德的不朽的不朽的
43.除了期望
接受接受摘录中的摘录
44.地板面粉
45.事故
46.检验检查愿望
47. patent 专利potent 强有力的
potential 潜在的
48. assume 假定resume 简历，重新开始
49. require 需要inquire 询问
enquire 打听acquire 获得
50. story 故事storey 楼层
store 商店
51. protest 抗议protect 保护
52. strike 攻击stick 容忍，粘贴
strict 严格的
53. expand 扩张expend 花费
extend 延长
54. commerce 商业commence 开始
55. through 通过thorough 彻底的
though 尽管thought think过去分词
56. purpose 目的suppose 假设
propose 建议
57. allusion 暗示illusion 幻觉
delusion 错觉elusion 逃避
58. prospect 前景perspective 透视
59. stationery 文具stationary 固定的
60. strive 努力stride 大步走
61. police 警察policy 政策
politics 政治
62. revenge 报仇avenge 替……报仇
63. resemble类似assemble 集合，装配(v.)
assembly 集合，装配(n.)
64. glide 滑翔slide 使滑行
slip 跌落
65. amend 改正，修正emend 修订
66. attain 达到obtain 获得
abstain 放弃
67. casual 随便的causal 具有因果关系的
68. extent 长度 extant 现存的
69. grim 冷酷的 grime 污点
70. award 授予 reward 奖赏
71. definite 确切的infinite 无限的
72. crayon 蜡笔canyon 山谷
73. recent 最近 resent 愤怒
74. mission 使命emission 散发，发射
mansion 大厦
75. vision 视觉version 译本
76. phrase 短语phase 阶段
77. idle 空闲的idol 偶像
78. induce 诱导deduce 推测
reduce 减少seduce 诱使
79. lapse 流逝elapse 消逝
eclipse 日食
80. bride 新娘 bribe 贿赂
二、方法指导
专题 1 语法填空（一）
关键词：语法,词汇填空,句法,逻辑,语境
难度系数：
推荐指数：
【基础回顾】
考点归纳：<来源:学科网ZXXK>
语篇语法填空试题特点：
1.把题设在有一定语境和语义确定了的文段中是高考命题的宗旨。旨在考查考生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力及熟练运用语法的能力。因此，只有读懂文段才能做好语法填空题。
2. 从设空特点来看，它不仅重视对语言基础知识——词法、句法的考查，考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、动词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。同时也考查了学生在没有给出任何提示，根据语篇逻辑填空的能力。考生既要能判断出不同的“部分”在句子中的“成分”，又要考虑该结构中用什么词、词性、词形、习惯搭配、拼写、大小写等一系列问题（出现任何错误都不给分）。
探究一、填实义词
填实义词 ----- 用括号内单词的正确形式填空，主要涉及动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级等语法考点。
【2017·浙江卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot)and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer , and shenoticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath theleafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came runningfrom the house. “she thought I had hurt 59 (I),”says Pahlsson
Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ringback on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters —thenten, eight, and six— had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlssonand her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again," shesays. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and wasspread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy topaccidentally sprouted (生长) through it.For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.
（1）词汇层面
必读1：做主语或宾语的名词或“形容词+名词”前无形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时，根据上下文填冠词。
【例1】The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pullit to ______ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.
【例2】I sat next tothe man and introduced myself. We had ______ amazing conversation.
【例3】But she quicklyrealized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in ______last row.
必读2：句子缺主语或宾语，空格后没有提示词，填词多为代词。
【例4】Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult ______ was to choose asuitable Christmas present for her father.
【例5】She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked apipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound toplease ______.
【例6】He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did youpretend to like ______?”
必读3：空格前已有主语，括号内是动词提示，空格需填谓语动词。
【例7】He ______ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real andgiving it a voice.
【例8】Where men control the household,less money ______ (spend) on healthcare and food, which results in poorerhealth for children.
【例9】One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cookingsome delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he ______ (find) that he has runout of salt.
必读4：句中已有谓语动词且又无并列连词与括号内提示的动词并列，说明空格需填非谓语动词形式。
【例10】She wished that he was as easy ______ (please) as her mother,who was always delighted with perfume．<来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K>
【例11】Film has a much shorter history，especially when ______(compare) to such art forms as music and planting.
【例12】But everyone added a little, always ______ (think) that itwas only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”
必读5：当括号内所提示的词是形容词或副词且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，很可能填比较级和最高级。
【例13】The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted thegift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ______ (sweet).”
【例14】I left it early because I had an appointment ______ (late)that day.
【例15】It might have made it a little ______ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stopthe kids in the class.
必读6：当“……（+限定词）+名词”或“……+代词/doing/从句”在句中不做主语或宾语时，通常填介词。
【例16】When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in thevillage, I wanted to reward the old woman ______ the trouble.
【例17】He did so the next day. He was very tired ______ doing this fora whole day.
【例18】When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present inher bag, her parents were already ______ table having supper.
【技能方法】<来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K>
解题建议：
一、认真研读所给短文，掌握文章的大意。从整体把握文章的时态，从而应对动词的正确形式填空中的时态和语态。
二、加强对词汇本身用法的复习，如主、被、动，固定短语搭配，冠词、连词等运用进行复习。特别注意词的不同变形及词性。
三、熟练掌握句法知识，准确使用连接词。
四、注意文章上下文的逻辑关系，准确填出无提示词的空白。
【基础达标】
【东北三省三校2018年高三第一次联合模拟】
The Great Wall of Chinais a series of walls made of stone, brick, and other materials, built along thehistorical northern borders of China to protect the Chinese states and empires.Several walls were being built as early as the 7th century BC; these, laterjoined together and___1___(make) bigger and stronger, are collectivelyreferred to as the Great Wall. Especially famous is the wallbuilt in 220-206 BC. Little of that wall___2___(remain).The Great Wallhas been rebuilt over various dynasties, the majority of___3___is from the MingDynasty(1368-164).
Apart from defense,other purposes of the Great Wall have included border controls,the___4___(encourage)of trade and___5___control of immigration. The Great Wall stretches___6___Dandongin the east to Lop Lake in the west, along the southern edge of Inner Mongolia. An archaeological (考古) survey,___7___(use) advancedtechnologies, has concluded that the Ming walls measure 8,810 km. Anothersurvey has found that the entire wall with all of its___8___(branch)measures 21,196 km. Today, the Great Wall is___9___(general) recognizedas one of the most___10___(impress) architectural wonders in history.
【能力提升】
【东北三省四城市联考暨沈阳市2018届高三质量监测(二)】
Thelion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male and afemale, are ___1___ (common) seen in front of the gates of traditionalbuildings.<来源:学.科.网>
Thelion ___2___ (regard) as the king in the animal world so it representspower. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of ___3___(official).
It isinteresting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stonelions were sculpted ___4___ the beginning of Eastern Han Dynasty (25~220AD) with ___5___ introduction of Buddhism into ancient China. In theBuddhist faith, the lion,___6___ can protect the Truth and keep offevils, is considered a holy animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folktales, the lion has become a symbol of ___7___ (brave), power and goodluck.<来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K>
It wasalso popular ___8___ (decorate) bridges with sculpted stone lions forthe same reason. The ___9___ (well) known of this is the Lugouqiao (also as Marco Polo Bridge ),___10___ (build) from 1189 to 1192. A famousproverb says, “The lions on the Lugouqiao are uncountable.”
【终极闯关】
【安徽省六校教育研究会2018届高三第二次联考】
Many of us enjoy music because of the way itmakes us feel. But for chimps (黑猩猩), it’s nothing more than a lot of noise.Scientists from the University of York, UK, found that chimps don’t appreciatelistening to music, despite their DNA___1___(be) 96to 98 percent similar to that of humans.
In the study, a “jukebox (自动唱机)”___2___(create), which allowed chimps to select theirfavorite classical, pop or rock music, or___3___(simple)to choose silence. The animals walked away from the music they seemed todislike the most. The study found they were less likely___4___(walk) away from classical music like Mozart than fast-paced pop songs likethose of Justin Bieber’s.
Emma Wallace from the University of York toldthe Daily Mail that the fast-paced rhythm may have been ___5___turnedthe chimps off. “___6___it’s more possible for the chimpanzees to leaveto the faster music, they did not show ___7___actualpreference for the slower classical music,” said Wallace. “In fact, they seemto be indifferent to both___8___(type) of music.”
These results suggested that music___9___(appreciate)may be something that is unique___10___humans, according to Wallace.
专题 1 语法填空（一）解析
关键词：语法,词汇填空,句法,逻辑,语境
难度系数：
推荐指数：
【基础回顾】
考点归纳：
语篇语法填空试题特点：
1.把题设在有一定语境和语义确定了的文段中是高考命题的宗旨。旨在考查考生理解语篇的能力、分析句子结构的能力及熟练运用语法的能力。因此，只有读懂文段才能做好语法填空题。
2. 从设空特点来看，它不仅重视对语言基础知识——词法、句法的考查，考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、动词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。同时也考查了学生在没有给出任何提示，根据语篇逻辑填空的能力。考生既要能判断出不同的“部分”在句子中的“成分”，又要考虑该结构中用什么词、词性、词形、习惯搭配、拼写、大小写等一系列问题（出现任何错误都不给分）。
探究一、填实义词
填实义词 ----- 用括号内单词的正确形式填空，主要涉及动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级等语法考点。
【2017·浙江卷】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlssonpulled out a handful of small 56 (carrot)and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer , and shenoticed a 57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath theleafy top of one tiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.
Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came runningfrom the house. “she thought I had hurt 59 (I),”says Pahlsson
Sixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson hadremoved the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ringback on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughters —thenten, eight, and six— had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlssonand her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner,but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again," shesays. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and wasspread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy topaccidentally sprouted (生长) through it.For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lena Pahlsson在花园里采摘胡萝卜时，找到了丢失已久的结婚戒指的那种失而复得心情。
56.考查名词。根据“onetiny carrot was her long-lost wedding ring.”，及“a handful of ”，可知用名词复数，故填carrots。
57.考查形容词。“shenoticed a 57 (shine) object”a为冠词，object为名词，横线处应填写形容词。故填shiny或shining。
58．考查固定句式。根据 Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house2，so that，如此…以至于，故填so。
59．考查代词。 I had hurt 59 （I），主语为I， 横线处为宾语，替代主语时，应用代词。故填 myself。
60. 考查开形容词。 says Pahlsson Sixteen years 60 （ early），用形容词比较级修饰 Sixteen years， Sixteen years earlier16年前；故填 earlier。
61.考查动词不定式。Pahlsson hadremoved the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal，一个句子不能出现双重谓语，所以用不定式表目的状语。故填to cook。
62.考查动词时态。根据“but turned up nothing”，可知句子为过去时，
“Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen”故填searched。
63.考查动词。
“Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish”，ring与sweep之间是被动关系，故填swept。
64.考查连接词。“64 it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it”，句子结构完整，先行词为 the garden,表示地点，定语从句中缺少相对应的地点状语，故填where。
65.考查冠词。its return was 65 wonder.，wonder是名词，was是动词，应使用冠词修饰名词。故填a。
（1）词汇层面
必读1：做主语或宾语的名词或“形容词+名词”前无形容词性物主代词、不定代词等限定词时，根据上下文填冠词。
【例1】The head of the village was tying up his horse to my car topull it to ______ small town some 20 kilometers away where there was a garage.
【解析】a 第一次提到的可数名词单数前用不定冠词，表示“一个”。
【例2】I sat next tothe man and introduced myself. We had ______ amazing conversation.
【解析】an 短语搭配have aconversation“和……交谈”。
【例3】But she quicklyrealized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in ______last row.
【解析】the 特指最后一排，在序数词/最高级前，用定冠词。
必读2：句子缺主语或宾语，空格后没有提示词，填词多为代词。
【例4】Jane was walking round the department store. She rememberedhow difficult ______ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for herfather.
【解析】it 作宾语从句主语，替代动词不定式短语tochoose……。
【例5】She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked apipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound toplease ______.
【解析】him please him (使他高兴)，填代词；根据句意，此处指代herfather。
【例6】He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did youpretend to like ______?”
【解析】it 指前面提到的“水(thewater)”。
必读3：空格前已有主语，括号内是动词提示，空格需填谓语动词。
【例7】He ______ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it avoice.
【解析】was pretending 由“and giving”可确定，用过去进行时，构成并列谓语。
【例8】Where men control the household,less money ______ (spend) on healthcare and food, which results in poorerhealth for children.
【解析】is spentmoney与spend之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态，从句时态提示应用一般现在时。
【例9】One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cookingsome delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he ______ (find) that he has runout of salt.
【解析】found 主格代词he后应为谓语动词，由语境由One day和“invited”可知，用一般过去时。
必读4：句中已有谓语动词且又无并列连词与括号内提示的动词并列，说明空格需填非谓语动词形式。
【例10】She wished that he was as easy ______ (please) as her mother,who was always delighted with perfume．
【解析】to please “be+形容词+ to do”, 无需考虑其它的非谓语形式。此句式中常用主动形式表示被动含义。
【例11】Film has a much shorter history，especially when ______(compare) to such art forms as music and planting.
【解析】compared 本句是when it iscompared to …的省略。compare与逻辑主语film是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。
【例12】But everyone added a little, always ______ (think) that it wasonly small and not very important, and lookwhere we have ended up today.”
【解析】thinking 因everyone与think是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作added的伴随状语。
必读5：当括号内所提示的词是形容词或副词且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，很可能填比较级和最高级。
【例13】The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted thegift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be ______ (sweet).”
【解析】sweeter 句意是“什么也不会比这更甜”=这是世界上最甜的东西。
【例14】I left it early because I had an appointment ______ (late)that day.
【解析】later 指那天晚些时候。
【例15】It might have made it a little ______ (hard) for everybody because it meant theyhad to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class.
【解析】harder 句中a little修饰比较级harder，表示“更难一点”作宾补。
必读6：当“……（+限定词）+名词”或“……+代词/doing/从句”在句中不做主语或宾语时，通常填介词。
【例16】When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in thevillage, I wanted to reward the old woman ______ the trouble.
【解析】for reward sb. for sth. 表示“因……而酬谢/报答某人”。
【例17】He did so the next day. He was very tired ______ doing thisfor a whole day.
【解析】after/fromA.用介词after表示“在……之后”；B. betired from doing sth.为“因做某事而累”。
【例18】When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present inher bag, her parents were already ______ table having supper.
【解析】at attable表示“在进餐”，是习惯搭配。
【技能方法】<来源:Zxxk.Com>
解题建议：
一、认真研读所给短文，掌握文章的大意。从整体把握文章的时态，从而应对动词的正确形式填空中的时态和语态。
二、加强对词汇本身用法的复习，如主、被、动，固定短语搭配，冠词、连词等运用进行复习。特别注意词的不同变形及词性。
三、熟练掌握句法知识，准确使用连接词。
四、注意文章上下文的逻辑关系，准确填出无提示词的空白。
【基础达标】
【东北三省三校2018年高三第一次联合模拟】
The Great Wall of Chinais a series of walls made of stone, brick, and other materials, built along thehistorical northern borders of China to protect the Chinese states and empires.Several walls were being built as early as the 7th century BC; these, laterjoined together and___1___(make) bigger and stronger, are collectively referred to as the Great Wall.Especially famous is the wall built in 220-206 BC. Little of that wall___2___(remain).TheGreat Wall has been rebuilt over various dynasties, the majority of___3___isfrom the Ming Dynasty(1368-164).
Apart from defense,other purposes of the Great Wall have included border controls,the___4___(encourage)of trade and___5___control of immigration. The Great Wall stretches___6___Dandongin the east to Lop Lake in the west, along the southern edge of Inner Mongolia.An archaeological (考古) survey,___7___(use)advanced technologies, has concluded that the Ming walls measure 8,810 km.Another survey has found that the entire wall with all of its___8___(branch)measures 21,196 km. Today, the Great Wall is___9___(general) recognizedas one of the most___10___(impress) architectural wonders in history.
【答案】1. made 2. remains 3. which 4. encouragement 5. the 6. from 7. using 8. branches 9. generally 10. impressive
【解析】本文介绍中国的万里长城。
1．此处是过去分词做后置定语，与 joined并列，故答案为made。
2．句意：那堵墙现在几乎没有了。句子用一般现在时态，故答案为 remains。
3．句意：长城在各个朝代都重建了，大部分都是明朝时期的。止此比处是非限制性定语从句，介词词of后面用which，指物。
4. 句意：除了防御，长城的其他目的包括边境控制、贸易的鼓励和对移民的控制。根据句意可知此处用名词形式，故答案为encouragement。
5. 句意：除了防御，长城的其他目的包括边境控制、贸易的鼓励和对移民的控制。此处表示特指，故答案为the。
6. 固定结构：from---to---，从---到---，故答案为from.
7. 此处是现在分词做伴随状态，表主动关系，故答案为using。
8. 句意：另一项调查发现，整堵墙包括所有分支是212196公里。根据all可知用名词复数形式，故答案为branches。
9. 副词修饰动词，故答案为generally。<来源:学,科,网>
10. 句意：这是历史上最令人印象深刻的建筑奇迹之一。形容词修饰名词，故答案为impressive。<来源:Zxxk.Com>
【能力提升】<来源:学科网>
【东北三省四城市联考暨沈阳市2018届高三质量监测(二)】
Thelion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male and afemale, are ___1___ (common) seen in front of the gates of traditionalbuildings.
Thelion ___2___ (regard) as the king in the animal world so it representspower. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of ___3___(official).
It isinteresting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stonelions were sculpted ___4___ the beginning of Eastern Han Dynasty (25~220AD) with ___5___ introduction of Buddhism into ancient China. In theBuddhist faith, the lion,___6___ can protect the Truth and keep offevils, is considered a holy animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folktales, the lion has become a symbol of ___7___ (brave), power and goodluck.<来源:学#科#网>
It wasalso popular ___8___ (decorate) bridges with sculpted stone lions forthe same reason. The ___9___ (well) known of this is the Lugouqiao (also as Marco Polo Bridge ),___10___ (build) from 1189 to 1192. A famousproverb says, “The lions on the Lugouqiao are uncountable.”
【答案】1. commonly 2. is regarded 3. officials 4. at 5. the
6. which 7. bravery 8. to decorate 9. best 10. built
【解析】文章讲述了石狮子的象征、历史和用途。
1. commonly。考查副词。句中修饰动词see用副词，指通常被看到，故填commonly.
2. is regarded
3. officials。考查名词。此处表示石头狮子被用来表明官员们的等级，of后用名词，表示泛指用复数形式，故填officials.
4. at。考查介词。表示“在……的开始”是at the beginning of，介词用at, 故填at.
5. the。考查冠词。此处特指佛教在中国古代的引进，表示特指，用定冠词the，故填the.
6. which。考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，补充说明先行词the lion，是非限制性定语从句用which引导，故填which.
7. bravery。考查名词。用于of后，和后面的power and good luck并列，表示勇敢的象征，用名词。故填bravery.
8. to decorate。考查动词不定式。句中it是形式主语，此处是不定式做真正主语，故填to decorate.
9. best。考查最高级。此处指最有名的狮子是卢沟桥，由the限定，表示范围中最有名的，用最高级。故填best.
10. built。考查过去分词。句中Lugouqiao和动词build是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填built.
【终极闯关】
【安徽省六校教育研究会2018届高三第二次联考】
Many of us enjoy music because of the way it makes us feel. But for chimps (黑猩猩), it’s nothing more than a lot of noise.Scientists from the University of York, UK, found that chimps don’t appreciatelistening to music, despite their DNA___1___(be) 96to 98 percent similar to that of humans.
In the study, a “jukebox (自动唱机)”___2___(create), which allowed chimps to select theirfavorite classical, pop or rock music, or___3___(simple)to choose silence. The animals walked away from the music they seemed todislike the most. The study found they were less likely___4___(walk) away from classical music like Mozart than fast-paced pop songs likethose of Justin Bieber’s.
Emma Wallace from the University of York told the DailyMail that the fast-paced rhythm may have been ___5___turnedthe chimps off. “___6___it’s more possible for the chimpanzees to leaveto the faster music, they did not show ___7___actualpreference for the slower classical music,” said Wallace. “In fact, they seemto be indifferent to both___8___(type) of music.”
These results suggested that music___9___(appreciate)may be something that is unique___10___humans, according to Wallace.
【答案】1. being 2. was created 3. simply 4.to walk 5. what 6. While/Though/Although 7. an 8. types 9. appreciation 10. to
【解析】研究表明，尽管大猩猩的基因中有96－98％6和人类相似，但是大猩猩并不喜欢音乐，音乐所欣賞可能是人类特有的能力
1. 考查动名词。“ their DNA 1 （be）96to98 percent similar to that of humans是介词 despite的宾语，介词的宾语需用名词或动名词，故该空填 being。
2. 考查时态和语态。句意：在这个研究中，创建了一个自动唱机，它允许大星星们选择它们最喜欢音乐或者仅仅选择沉默。该段介绍的是实验的过程，属于过去的事，故该空应用过去时态。且a “jukebox”和create之间是被动关系，故该空应用被动语态。综上，该空填was created。
3. 考查副词。结合上题中的句意可知，该空修饰动词choose，修饰动词要用副词，故该空填simply。
4. 考查固定句式。句意：研究发现，和快节奏的流行歌曲相比，它们远离古典音乐的可能性较小。be likely to do sth.是固定句式，意为“可能做某事”。
5. 考查名词性从句。句意：快节奏可能使大猩猩们失去了兴趣。“_____ turned the chips off”是表语从句，该空在从句中做主语，且表示名词意思，故要用what引导该从句。
6．考查状语从句。句意：尽管黑猩猩更有可能选择较快的音乐，但是，实际上，它们没有表现出对较慢的古典音乐的偏爱。根据句意，该空引导让步状语从句，故可填 Although／ Though／ While。
7．考查冠词。 a preference for sth．意为“对．的偏爱，该空位于 actual前面， actual的发音开头是元音音素，故该空填an。
8．考查名词。句意：实际上，它们对于两种类型的音乐都不感兴趣。both修饰可数名词复数，故该空填 types。
9. 考查名词。句意：这些结果表明：音乐欣赏可能是人类独有的能力。“music ____”是主语，主语应用名词，故该空填appreciation。
10. 考查介词。be unique to sb. 是固定表达，意为“对……来说是独有的”。
三、故事分享
The important things in life
A philosophy professor stood before his class with some items on the table in front of him. When the class began, wordlessly he picked up a verylarge and empty mayonnaise jar and proceeded to fill it with rocks, about 2 inches in diameter.
He then asked the students if the jar was full. They agreed that itwas.
So the professor then picked up a box of pebbles and poured them into the jar. He shook the jar lightly. The pebbles, of course, rolled into the open areas between the rocks.
He then asked the students again if the jar was full. They agreed itwas.
The professor picked up a box of sand and poured it into the jar. Of course, the sand filled up the remaining open areas of the jar.
He then asked once more if the jar was full. The students responded with a unanimous “Yes.”
“Now,” said the professor, “I want you to recognize that this jar represents your life. The rocks are the important things – your family, your partner, your health, your children – things that if everything else was lost and only they remained, your life would still be full. The pebbles are the other things that matter – like your job, your house, your car. The sand iseverything else, the small stuff.”
“If you put the sand into the jar first,” he continued, “there is noroom for the pebbles or the rocks. The same goes for your life. If you spend all your time and energy on the small stuff, you will never have room for the things that are important to you. Pay attention to the things that are critical to your happiness. Play with your children. Take your partner out dancing.There will always be time to go to work, clean the house, give a dinner party,or fix the disposal.”
“Take care of the rocks first – the things that really matter. Setyour priorities. The rest is just sand.”
Live and Work
Father was a hardworking man who delivered bread as a living to support his wife and three children. He spent all his evenings after work attending classes, hoping to improve himself so that he could one day find a better paying job. Except for Sundays, Father hardly ate a meal together with hisfamily. He worked and studied very hard because he wanted to provide his family with the best money could buy.
Whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. But he often yearned to spend more time with his family.
The day came when the examination results were announced. To hisjoy, Father passed, and with distinctions too! Soon after, he was offered agood job as a senior supervisor which paid handsomely.
Like a dream come true, Father could now afford to provide his family with life’s little luxuries like nice clothing, fine food and vacation abroad.
However, the family still did not get to see father for most of the week. He continued to work very hard, hoping to be promoted to the position ofmanager. In fact, to make himself a worthily candidate for the promotion, he enrolled for another course in the open university.
Again, whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this for them. But he often yearned to spend more time with his family.
Father’s hard work paid off and he was promoted. Jubilantly, he decided to hire a maid to relieve his wife from her domestic tasks. He also felt that their three-room flat was no longer big enough, it would be nice forhis family to be able to enjoy the facilities and comfort of a condominium. Having experienced the rewards of his hard work many times before, Father resolved to further his studies and work at being promoted again. The family still did not get to see much of him. In fact, sometimes Father had to work onSundays entertaining clients. Again, whenever the family complained that he was not spending enough time with them, he reasoned that he was doing all this forthem. But he often yearnedto spend more time with his family.
As expected, Father’s hard work paid off again and he bought a beautiful condominium overlooking the coast of Singapore. On the first Sunday evening at their new home, Father declared to his family that he decided not totake any more courses or pursue any more promotions. From then on he was going to devote more time to his family.
Father did not wake up the next day.
